The People’s Bank of China reports that the combined domestic debt of corporations, households and the public sector increased last year to a level equivalent to 280 % of GDP (285 trillion yuan or 36 trillion euros), up from 255 % of GDP in 2019. When China’s foreign debt (which the PBoC estimates to be 14.5 % of GDP at the end of June) is included, total debt rises to about 295 % of GDP.
Due to the covid crisis and related measures, the debt-to-GDP ratios of many countries increased significantly last year. Figures from the Bank of International Settlements (BIS) for over 40 countries suggest China’s the increase in debt-to-GDP ratio from the start of 2020 to end of June was quite ordinary compared to the other countries. China’s debt-to-GDP ratio, nevertheless, is distinctly higher than in other emerging economies and on par with US and euro area, which have more developed financial markets.
China’s piling on of debt has long raised concerns among observers of the Chinese economy because rapid descents into indebtedness in other countries have typically led to major economic collapse or severe banking crises. Moreover, China was already engaged in efforts to bail out small and medium-sized banks before covid-19 struck, with so at least 500 billion yuan (BOFIT Weekly 40/2020) in public funds already expended. The lion’s share of Chinese debt exists in the form of bank loans taken by the corporate sector. During the covid pandemic, certain branches experienced significant declines in the ability of firms to service their debts. Stress tests released by PBoC in November showed that 10 of 30 banks were would fail even under the mildest stress scenario, which only assumed that GDP growth would be 1.6 % in 2020 and 7.8 % in 2021. The stress tests comprised all of China’s systemically critical banks.
Chinese and Chinese culture is less confrontational more harmony, more unity, more social conscious, respect of authority, teachers, elders, government leaders, and Xi's vision of community with a shared future
China is civilization state disguised as a nation state. This is a fundamental reality of China.....93% of the Chinese people are very confident their leaders do their best to protect and improve the Chinese civilisation
Just 10 years ago no American can imagine China will have so many companies that beats them like hua wei, tiktok, byd, catl, DJI, ...just wait another 10 years and see what happens.
by around 2050, Africa too will be very successful
by then, u have BRICS +, Africa, Africa China solidary, Africa, Latin American China solidarity.............the anglos and the americans cannot bully people easily.
FYI, China injected 500 billion yuan to restructure its banks in 1990s.....If need be, China can restructure the banks easily if need arises now that the economy is 30X bigger than the 1990s. ....without missing a beat.
Central Bank of China says there is adequate liquidity and don't see a bubble ...and China has zero inflation ..... in fact China is the only country that can save the world and enough flexibility if America goes into recession.
China has no inflationary pressure....that is best testament of its excellent management.
in fact, the surplus is so high that the only way to recycle the surplus without causing inflation inside China is to invest in BRI....... total investments in BRI exceed 1 trillion USD.
in fact, the only option facing China is hold the surplus in toilet paper USD or use in BRI, and China has chosen BRI.
Russia cannot lose Ukraine cannot win... This is the stage we are in. That is why we have trench war fare, misery and Ukraine becoming a wasteland....all these because America is fighting a proxy war in Ukraine fighting Russia to the last Ukrainian
Washington view is no negotiations as negotiations are viewed as appeasement so there is no negotiations until Washington is ready....I think it will take a few more years before things can change in Washington
Nothing has worked for the Americans so far. No regime change in Moscow, Putin don't have cancer, sanctions hurting Europe more than Russia, support for the war is still very high in Russia ....for Russia it is ww2 all over again and they know they will win this one also.
The way mainstream media sells it, Russia should have lost the war by summer last year. Or Putin already assassinated and regime change in Russia.....well, mainstream media has been lying
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This book is the result of the author's many years of experience and observation throughout his 26 years in the stockbroking industry. It was written for general public to learn to invest based on facts and not on fantasies or hearsay....
Posted by IDQWE001 > 2023-04-05 15:08 | Report Abuse
The People’s Bank of China reports that the combined domestic debt of corporations, households and the public sector increased last year to a level equivalent to 280 % of GDP (285 trillion yuan or 36 trillion euros), up from 255 % of GDP in 2019. When China’s foreign debt (which the PBoC estimates to be 14.5 % of GDP at the end of June) is included, total debt rises to about 295 % of GDP. Due to the covid crisis and related measures, the debt-to-GDP ratios of many countries increased significantly last year. Figures from the Bank of International Settlements (BIS) for over 40 countries suggest China’s the increase in debt-to-GDP ratio from the start of 2020 to end of June was quite ordinary compared to the other countries. China’s debt-to-GDP ratio, nevertheless, is distinctly higher than in other emerging economies and on par with US and euro area, which have more developed financial markets. China’s piling on of debt has long raised concerns among observers of the Chinese economy because rapid descents into indebtedness in other countries have typically led to major economic collapse or severe banking crises. Moreover, China was already engaged in efforts to bail out small and medium-sized banks before covid-19 struck, with so at least 500 billion yuan (BOFIT Weekly 40/2020) in public funds already expended. The lion’s share of Chinese debt exists in the form of bank loans taken by the corporate sector. During the covid pandemic, certain branches experienced significant declines in the ability of firms to service their debts. Stress tests released by PBoC in November showed that 10 of 30 banks were would fail even under the mildest stress scenario, which only assumed that GDP growth would be 1.6 % in 2020 and 7.8 % in 2021. The stress tests comprised all of China’s systemically critical banks.